SMOKING AND PERIODONTAL TISSUES
Introduction Periodontal disease is an infectious disease that occurs as a result of imbalance in the relationship between host and microorganisms. However, the authors note, although the bacterial role is crucial, is not sufficient to explain the pathogenesis of the disease. Knowing the factors that facilitate bacterial growth is essential for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the entity. The identification of individuals susceptible to periodontal destruction and the factors that raise awareness is a challenge to the current periodontics.
Smoking The bacteria mainly the gram-negative are predominantly responsible for the initiation and progress of periodontal disease. The pathogens produce cellular damage due to the activation of defensive host in periodontal tissues. The role of bacteria is favored by local factors such as dental anatomy, dental malpositions, aparatología fixes faulty dentistry, among others, and genetic and systemic conditions. Smoking is another potential risk factor in the development of this entity. The periodontal pockets of smokers make up a more anaerobic which promotes the growth of pathogenic gramnegative subgingival anaerobic of the plate. Although smoking has been associated with periodontal disease for over 50 years, his identification as the entity responsible for up to recent studies. The snuff increases the severity of this condition, a phenomenon that becomes clinically apparent consumption from 10 cigarettes a day. Each cigarette more per day increases the gingival recession, the depth of the bag, levels of integration and mobility. Among the intensity of the entity and the amount of cigarettes smoked per day there is a dose-effect relationship. Individuals who consume more than 10 cigarettes a day have 5 to 7 times more likely to suffer severe periodontitis compared with nonsmokers.
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